The Palms Art Gallery

Entering The Gates Of Self Deception

Contained here is almost every self deception ever observed, with a name attached, to the pure in heart. these named deceptions become a very important tool to better see the world.

These are terms used by professionals, to describe the many ways people destroy them selves and fail to reach positive outcomes in thinking and observation.

These terms can be used to better understand and name those self delusions.

• Confirmation bias– the tendency to search for or interpret information or memories in a selfish way that confirms one's preconceptions, ideas and beliefes and ends in a self deceptive and negitive outcome.

• Just-world hypothesis– the tendency for people to want to believe that the world is fundamentally -just and wholesome, causing them to rationalize an otherwise inexplicable injustice as deserved by the victim or many times failure to even believe something immoral could occure in their beliefe system or country.

• Feeling Observation Avoidance - The tendency to use non-feeling modes of analysis to excape the risk of being hurt by found results, when esthetic feeling is the only way to judge a subject  accurately

• Experimenter's or expectation bias– the tendency for experimenters to believe, certify, and publish data that agree with their expectations for the outcome of an experiment, and to disbelieve, discard, or downgrade the corresponding weightings for data that appear to conflict with those expectations.

• Bias blind spot– the tendency to see oneself as less biased than other people, or to be able to identify more cognitive biases in others than in oneself
  

• Belief bias– an effect where someone's evaluation of the logical strength of an argument is biased by the believability of the conclusion

• Bandwagon effect– the tendency to do (or believe) things because many other people do (or believe) the same. 
  

• Actor-observer bias – the tendency for explanations of other individuals' behaviors to overemphasize the influence of their personality and underemphasize the influence of their situation (see also Fundamental attribution error), and for explanations of one's own behaviors to do the opposite (that is, to overemphasize the influence of our situation and underemphasize the influence of our own personality

• Defensive attribution hypothesis – defensive attributions are made when individuals witness or learn of a mishap happening to another person. In these situations, attributions of responsibility to the victim or harm-doer for the mishap will depend upon the severity of the outcomes of the mishap and the level of personal and situational similarity between the individual and victim. More responsibility will be attributed to the harm-doer as the outcome becomes more severe, and as personal or situational similarity decreases.

• Dunning–Kruger effect an effect in which incompetent people fail to realise they are incompetent because they lack the skill to distinguish between competence and incompetence

• Egocentric bias – occurs when people claim more responsibility for themselves for the results of a joint action than an outside observer would credit them.

• Observer-expectancy effect– when a researcher expects a given result and therefore unconsciously manipulates an experiment or misinterprets data in order to find it

• Extrinsic incentives bias – an exception to the fundamental attribution error, when people view others as having (situational) extrinsic motivations and (dispositional) intrinsic motivations for oneself

• False consensus effect – the tendency for people to overestimate the degree to which others agree with them

• Forer effect (aka Barnum effect) – the tendency to give high accuracy ratings to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically for them, but are in fact vague and general enough to apply to a wide range of people.

• Fundamental attribution error – the tendency for people to over-emphasize personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while under-emphasizing the role and power of situational influences on the same behavior
  

• Halo effect – the tendency for a person's positive or negative traits to "spill over" from one area of their personality to another in others' perceptions of them

• Illusion of asymmetric insight – people perceive their knowledge of their peers to surpass their peers' knowledge of them.

• Illusion of external agency – when people view self-generated preferences as instead being caused by insightful, effective and benevolent agents

• Illusion of transparency – people overestimate others' ability to know them, and they also overestimate their ability to know others.

• Illusory superiority – overestimating one's desirable qualities, and underestimating undesirable qualities, relative to other people.
  

• Ingroup bias – the tendency for people to give preferential treatment to others they perceive to be members of their own groups.

• Just-world phenomenon – the tendency for people to believe that the world is just and therefore people "get what they deserve.

• Moral luck – the tendency for people to ascribe greater or lesser moral standing based on the outcome of an event rather than the intention

• Naive cynicism – expecting more egocentric bias in others than in oneself

• Outgroup homogeneity bias – individuals see members of their own group as being relatively more varied than members of other groups.

• Projection bias – the tendency to unconsciously assume that others (or one's future selves) share one's current emotional states, thoughts and values.

• Self-serving bias – the tendency to claim more responsibility for successes than failures. It may also manifest itself as a tendency for people to evaluate ambiguous information in a way beneficial to their interests

• System justification – the tendency to defend and bolster the status quo. Existing social, economic, and political arrangements tend to be preferred, and alternatives disparaged sometimes even at the expense of individual and collective self-interest. (See also status quo bias.

• Trait ascription bias – the tendency for people to view themselves as relatively variable in terms of personality, behavior, and mood while viewing others as much more predictable.

• Ultimate attribution error – similar to the fundamental attribution error, in this error a person is likely to make an internal attribution to an entire group instead of the individuals within the group.
   
• Worse-than-average effect – a tendency to believe ourselves to be worse than others at tasks which are difficult